RELATIVE CLAUSE
Relative
Clause adalah bagian dari kalimat (anak kalimat) yang memberi keterangan
pada orang atau benda yang mendahuluinya.
Istilah Relative Clause sama
dengan Adjective Clause. Disebut Adjective Clause karena dia
menerangkan benda atau orang yang mendahuluinya. Disebut Relative
Clause karena dia menghubungkan (me-relate) benda atau orang tersebut
dengan frasa di belakangnya. Relative Clause diawali dengan kata penghubung who,
whom, whose, which, that.
v Who : menerangkan orang sebagai
subject
v Whom : menerangkan kan orang sebagai object
(menggantikan me, you, us, him
her, them,
it)
v Whose :menerangkan orang sebagai pemilik/
kepunyaan (menggantikan my, your, our, his, her,
their, its)
v Which : menerangkan benda sebagai subject
maupun object
v That : menerangkan orang atau
benda baik sebagai subject maupun object
Rumus:
Relative Clause = Relative Pronoun +/- Subject + Verb
Adjective Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi
2 macam, yaitu:
A. Relative pronouns
Relative
pronouns adalah kata ganti yang menggantikan subject yang disebut sebelumnya.
Dan berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara kata benda dan keterangan.
a. Which
- Dipakai sebagai pengganti subject bila
subject tersebut berupa binatang atau benda (noun)
Example:
a. Bali is Paradise Island
b. It has a lot of historical temples
Bali
which has a lot of historical temples is Paradise Island
a. The animal is a dog
b. It hunted my brother last night
The animal which hunted my brother last night is a dog
a. This book is very beatiful
b. It is very expensive
This book which is very expensive is very beatiful
a. This is the book
b. I bought it yesterday
This
is the book which I bought yesterday
a. Here is my car
b. You can borrow it now
Here
is my car which you can borrow now
2. Who
Dipakai sebagai pengganti subject bila
subject tersebut berupa orang
Example:
a. My brother is a police man
b. He lives in Bandung
My
brothes who lives in Bandung is a police man
a. The man is a teacher
b. He teaches the lesson patiently
The
man who teaches the lesson patienly is a teacher
3. That
- Digunakan sebagai kata ganti benda atau kadang-kadang
orang untuk menerangkan subject/object
Example:
a. The man came here last night
b. He will buy this house
The
man that will buy this house came here last night
a. Borobudur is an historical temple
b. It was bombed years ago
Borobudur
that was bombed years ago is an historical temple
4. Whom
- Dipakai sebagai pengganti object bila
object tersebut berupa orang
Example:
a. The man is Nizar
b. I invited him yesterday
The
man whom I invited yesterday is Nizar
a. The boy is Amir
b. We gave him money yesterday
The
boy whom we gave money yesterday is Amir
5. Whose
- Dipakai sebagai pengganti milik untuk
orang
Example:
a. The man is Mr. Rudi
b. We visited his daughter two days ago
The
man whose doughter we visited two days ago is Mr. Rudi
Note: relative
clause yang menggunakan who/that/which dapat dihilangkan
apabila menjadi object. Example:
1.
The woman who I wanted to see was away, or
Teh
woman I wanted to see was away
2.
Have you found the key that you lost?, or
Have
you found the key you lost?
B. Relative adverb
Relative
adverb biasa digunakan sebagai ganti relative pronoun yang juga berfungsi untuk
memberikan pemahaman terhadap kalimat. Diantara relative adverb adalah:
a. When
Example:
How can I forget the day when he went
away?
b. Where
Example:
Do you still remember the place where I
met her the first time?
c. Why
Example:
Give me one good
reason why you did that
Latihan Soal:
1.John bought a boat. The
boat cost thirty thousand dollars.
Jawab:............................................................................................
2. John is the man. We are going to recommend John for the job.
Jawab:.............................................................................................
3. The men are angry. The men are in this room.
jawab:...............................................................................................
4. The men
are angry. I do not like the men.
jawab:...............................................................................................
jawab:...............................................................................................
5. I do
not like the men. The woman is talking to the men.
Jawab:..............................................................................................
6. The lady ….. lives across the street is my aunt.
·
a. Whom
·
b. Who
·
c. Whose
2. The boy ….. shoes are on the floor is my little
brother.
·
a. Whom
·
b. Who
·
c. Whose
3. The moment ….. the clown burst in to surprise the
teacher was great!
·
a. That
·
b. Where
·
c. When
4. The student ….. I teach is Budi.
·
a. Whom
·
b. Who
·
c. Whose
5. Do you bring the book ….. I gave it to you
yesterday?
·
a. When
·
b. That
·
c. Which
1. John bought a boat which cost
thirty thousand dollars.
2. John is the man whom we are going to recommend for the job.
3. The men who are angry are in this room.
4. I do not like the men who are angry.
5. I do not like the men whom the woman is talking to.
2. John is the man whom we are going to recommend for the job.
3. The men who are angry are in this room.
4. I do not like the men who are angry.
5. I do not like the men whom the woman is talking to.
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1
|
B
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Subjek dari clause diatas adalah menggunakan who karena menggantikan
sebuah subyek orang (I, you, we, they, she, he, Budi (nama orang). Setelah
kata who, selalu diikuti oleh verb (kata kerja), dan clause diatas memberikan
kita informasi yang lebih tentang “the lady”.
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2
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C
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Clause ini memberikan keterangan yang lebih atas “the boy”, menggunakan
whose untuk menggantikan kepemilikan (my, your, our, their, her, his, its,
Budi’s). setelah kata whose, selalu diikuti oleh noun (kata benda).
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3
|
C
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Clause ini menjelaskan “the moment”, menggunakan when karena menerangkan
“waktu”.
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4
|
A
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Untuk menggantikan obyek (me, you, us, them, her, him, Budi). Setelah
kata whom, selalu diikuti oleh subjek.
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5
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C
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Pada dasarnya penggunaan which sama seperti who dan whom (perhatikan soal
nomor 1 dan 4 serta penjelasannya), hanya saja which digunakan untuk benda
dan atau binatang.
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6
|
B
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Untuk menyusun adjective clause juga dapat menggunakan that, penggunaan
antara that dan which seringkali sangat mirip sekali, coba pahami penggunaan
which pada penjelasan soal nomor 5 diatas.
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